Differences Between Tight and Loose Cultures: A 33-Nation Study
Michele Gelfand , Paweł Boski
Abstract
With data from 33 nations, we illustrate the differences between cultures that are tight (have many strong norms and a low tolerance of deviant behavior) versus loose (have weak social norms and a high tolerance of deviant behavior). Tightness-looseness is part of a complex, loosely integrated multilevel system that comprises distal ecological and historical threats (e.g., high population density, resource scarcity, a history of territorial conflict, and disease and environmental threats), broad versus narrow socialization in societal institutions (e.g., autocracy, media regulations), the strength of everyday recurring situations, and micro-level psychological affordances (e.g., prevention self-guides, high regulatory strength, need for structure). This research advances knowledge that can foster cross-cultural understanding in a world of increasing global interdependence and has implications for modeling cultural change.Author | |||||
Total number of authors | 45 | ||||
Journal series | Science, ISSN 0036-8075, (A 50 pkt) | ||||
Issue year | 2011 | ||||
Vol | 332(6033) | ||||
Pages | 1100-1104 | ||||
Publication size in sheets | 0.5 | ||||
DOI | DOI:10.1126/science.1197754 | ||||
URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21617077 | ||||
Language | en angielski | ||||
File |
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Score (nominal) | 50 | ||||
Citation count* | |||||
Additional fields | |||||
Dorobek Naukowy - Preview URL | http://dn.swps.edu.pl/Podglad.aspx?WpisID=6127 | ||||
Dorobek Naukowy - Approve URL | http://dn.swps.edu.pl/Biuro/ZatwierdzanieWpisu.aspx?WpisID=6127 |
* presented citation count is obtained through Internet information analysis and it is close to the number calculated by the Publish or Perish system.
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