Wpływ sposobu przetwarzania informacji wzrokowej na uleganie złudzeniu fałszywego horyzontu i efektywność działania pilotów

Hanna Bednarek

Abstract

THE INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION PROCESSING ON A FALSE HORIZON ILLUSION AND PILOTS’ EFFECTIVENESS This study examined the relationship between information processing, a false horizon illusion and pilots’ effectiveness. It has been assumed that the dimension of global – local perceptual style (bottom-up, shallow and sensory levels of processing) will have more impact on producing a false horizon illusion than dependent – independent style of perception which typically involves deeper cognitive structures (top-down). 66 military pilots performed an experimental task on the Hyperion fl ight simulator (age 32.25; +/- 6.64; total fl ying time 1017.6 hours +/- 797.6). The asymmetry of heading was used as a measure of their effi ciency. Computerised Navon’s tasks and Witkin’s tasks were used to measure global-local (extensive – intensive states attention) and dependent-independent styles respectively. A global style of perception (when a local style was controlled for) was found to be a predictor of pilots’ effectiveness explaining about 6Ͽf variance. The allocentric (environmental) frame of reference seems to have more impact on the perception of people with a global perceptual style. In a global style, attention orienting seems to play a particularly important role and favors broadening the scope of information processing at the expense of depth of processing (as in the extensive states of attention).