From Exhaustion to Disengagement via Self-Efficacy Change: Findings from Two Longitudinal Studies among Human Services Workers
Anna Rogala , Kotaro Shoji , Aleksandra Łuszczyńska , Anna Kuna , Carolyn Yeager , Charles C. Benight , Roman Cieślak
Abstract
This longitudinal research examined the relationship direction between burnout components (exhaustion and disengagement) within the context of personal resources measured by self-efficacy and social support. In line with the conservation of resources theory we hypothesized that exhaustion may trigger a spiral loss of personal resources where self-efficacy declines and subsequently, social support also declines and in turn predict disengagement. Participants in Study 1 were mental healthcare providers (N = 135) working with U.S. military personnel suffering from trauma. Participants in Study 2 were healthcare providers, social workers, and other human services professionals (N = 193) providing various types of services for civilian trauma survivors in Poland. Baseline and 6-month follow-up measurements included burnout components, burnout self-efficacy and perceived social support. The path analysis showed consistent results for both longitudinal studies; exhaustion measured at Time 1 led to disengagement at Time 2, after controlling for baseline disengagement levels. Across Study 1 and Study 2 these associations were mediated by self-efficacy change: Higher exhaustion led to greater decline in self-efficacy which in turn explained higher disengagement at the follow-up. Social support, however, did not mediate between self-efficacy and disengagement. These mediating effects were invariant across Studies 1 and 2, although the mean levels of burnout and personal resources differed significantly. The results contribute to a discussion on the internal structure of job burnout and a broader understanding of the associations between exhaustion and disengagement that may be explained by the underlying mechanism of change in self-efficacy.Author | |||||||||
Journal series | Frontiers in Psychology, ISSN 1664-1078, (A 35 pkt) | ||||||||
Issue year | 2015 | ||||||||
Vol | 6 | ||||||||
No | 2032 | ||||||||
Pages | 1-12 | ||||||||
Publication size in sheets | 0.55 | ||||||||
Keywords in English | burnout, exhaustion, disengagement, self-efficacy, social support | ||||||||
ASJC Classification | |||||||||
DOI | DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.02032 | ||||||||
URL | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.02032/abstract | ||||||||
Language | en angielski | ||||||||
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Additional file |
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Score (nominal) | 35 | ||||||||
Publication indicators | : 2015 = 0.942; : 2015 = 2.463 (2) - 2015=2.885 (5) | ||||||||
Citation count* |
* presented citation count is obtained through Internet information analysis and it is close to the number calculated by the Publish or Perish system.
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